Sedate Sardis Chapter 13

Welcome to our video about the ancient city of Sardis! This city has a long and interesting history, having been a major city for more than 1,500 years during the Alexandrian, Persian, Seleucid, and Roman empires. Located sixty miles east of Smyrna near the Hermus plain, its strategic position and abundant resources made it a wealthy and self-sufficient city. We hope that you will join us on this journey as we explore the history of this fascinating city! More details can be found in our Commentary on the Seven Churches.

 

Video Introduction

MESSENGER PREAMBLE FORMULA—3:1B ..... p. 356

HISTORICAL PROLOGUE—3:1 .....p. 359

• The suzerain knows their works—3:1c.....p. 359
• The suzerain knows their reputation—3:1d ..... p. 359
• The suzerain knows they are dead—3:1e .....p. 360

ETHICAL STIPULATIONS—3:2–3A .....p. 360

• First imperative: Be vigilant—3:2a.....p. 361
• Second imperative: Strengthen what remains—3:2b..... p. 361
• Third imperative: Bear in mind what you received—3:3a ..... p. 362
• Fourth imperative: Keep it or pay attention—3:3b ..... p. 363
• Fifth imperative: Repent—3:3c .....p. 363

SANCTIONS .....p. 364

• Curses—3:3d-e .....p. 364
• Blessings—3:4–5 .....p. 368
•    Fig. 110. Painting titled “The Frigidarium”.
•    Fig. 111. Coin from Hispania (Spain), with the head of Tiberius. 

PROCLAMATION WITNESS FORMULA—3:6 ..... p. 377
CONCLUSION .....p. 377

 

The Cultural Background of Sardis LINK

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Updated Dec. 1, 2023